Serushka (lat. Lactárius flexuósus) is very similar to a throat, but differs from it in a more modest color. An inconspicuous mushroom is rarely put in a basket - it discourages its bitter taste. But experienced mushroom pickers know that behind a modest appearance lies a magnificent mushroom in pickling.
What else is called?
Serushki is just one of many names. This mushroom has more than a dozen of them. In Russia, depending on the region, these mushrooms are called:
- by the way;
- hollow gray;
- bitter;
- lilac cargo;
- gray lactarius;
- plantain;
- traveler
- a seryane;
- serugh.
The names reflect all the remarkable properties of the fungus - its taste, color, favorite places of growth, allocation of milky juice.
Features of earrings
The Milky Milky Gray is perfectly masked in the grass and needles. This wetland lover is easy to distinguish. And not so much in appearance - although he has bright signs, how many drops of bitter juice appearing on the cut.
The way is beautiful in his own way. He has not only an original taste, but an exquisite look. Description of species characteristics:
- The hat. Color - lilac. May have a pinkish, purple and brownish-lead hue. The hat is smooth to the touch, slippery after rain. Above are concentric circles. The form is funnel-shaped. In small mushrooms - convex. The cap edges are uneven, lowered or bent inward. The diameter of the cap of an adult mushroom is 5-10 cm.
- Records. They have a rare location. Color - pale yellow, beige.
- Disputes. Yellow color.
- Leg. It has a cylindrical shape. Swollen or narrowed at the base. In adult mushrooms - hollow. Color will repeat the coloring of the plates or hats. Reaches in width - 2 cm, in length - 8 cm.
- Pulp. Dense, elastic. Has a fruity aroma. White color. Milky juice stands out at the break - it has an extremely bitter taste. The mushroom on the cut does not change color.
Where and when does it grow?
Serushki are regulars of deciduous and mixed forests. Distributed almost throughout Russia. Preference is given to the northern regions and Siberia. It is also found in the Urals and the Far East. They grow well on moist soils - loamy and sandy loam. They love birch and aspen, especially lowland.
For seroshki it is better to go to well-lit deciduous forests - birch forests and aspen forests. They love humidity, therefore it is better to look for them after a rain. The collection season begins in July and lasts until September. In a drought, you can’t rely on the harvest of the travelers. What collectors need to know:
- Productive mushroom - grows in groups. But it can grow alone. Favorite places of growth are the edges and forest paths.
- The collection period is from the beginning of summer to October.
- The color of the hat varies from gray to yellowish gray and ocher.
In the video, experienced mushroom pickers look for earrings. In forest conditions, they will talk about the features of the growth and harvesting of these mushrooms:
Who can be confused with?
Putikov, most often, is confused with greenfins, which do not even belong to the lactic. These mushrooms are from the family of rows. Inexperienced mushroom pickers confuse earrings with two species of greenfinch:
- With a row of detached. Unlike the lilac-gray hat of the little putik, this rowing has an olive-brown color, with dimming in the center. On the bent edge - rare flakes and greenish staining. The leg is light green, olive or white, the lower part is darker - it is dark gray or black. The color of the pulp is white or pale yellow. The taste, like that of a putik, is bitter. A powdery smell is present.
- With deciduous greenery. Unlike seruga, greenfinch has a wide hat - conical, bell-shaped or open. In the center is a tubercle. The color of the hat is pale yellow, mustard yellow, greenish brown. Top - concentric flakes - yellow-brown or brownish-greenish. In greenfinchs, yellow notched-grown plates and a cylindrical pedicle expanded at the base. The pulp is white or yellow. Taste and aroma are poorly expressed.
The gray milky or silver ear is very similar in appearance to the common lactic. There is nothing terrible in this similarity - all representatives of the family of lactacers are suitable for food, and if some of them are considered inedible, it is only due to the bitter taste, and not because of the poison. Serushki are especially similar to two milkers:
- Zonal. He has a cream or ocher hat.
- Boundless. It is painted in brown shades.
It’s easy to distinguish the paths - only the juice that stands out on the cut does not change color at all. In similar mushrooms, the juice darkens upon contact with air.
The value and benefits of the mushroom
Easily digestible lilac breasts are considered a dietary product, they only 18.5 kcal. They belong to the third food category. Indicators of their nutritional value:
- proteins - 3.09 g;
- carbohydrates - 3.26 g;
- fats - 0.34 g;
- water - 91.46 g;
- fiber - 1 g;
- ash - 0.85 g.
The purple breasts are also rich in:
- vitamins C, D, E, B6, B12, K1;
- folic acid;
- thiamine;
- riboflavin;
- nicotinic and pantothenic acids;
- choline;
- betaine.
Travelers also have a lot of selenium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, zinc, phosphorus, iron, copper and manganese. Serushki is appreciated for a rich set of vitamins, minerals and amino acids. In these mushrooms, useful elements are contained in the most successful proportions. Scientists claim that this is the most winning combination. Perhaps that is why the paths were so actively used in folk medicine. With its help, many diseases were treated - from damage to the skin to consumption and cholera.
Purple breasts strengthen the immune system and blood vessels, nourish the brain, cleanse the body of salts of heavy metals.
Harm of Serushki
Medical decoctions from seroshki should be carefully taken for people with gastrointestinal diseases, pregnant, lactating, and allergic people. They are also not recommended to abuse any mushroom dishes. Overuse of earrings can cause:
- Allergic reaction. It can be expressed in constipation, digestive upsets and even abscesses on the gastric mucosa.
- Poisoning. The mushroom has a lot of chitin. Overeating can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, chills, bloating, dizziness, and other symptoms of an eating disorder.
- Inflammation of the duodenum.
- Frequent urination.
- Corrosion of the walls of the stomach with bioactive components.
The components contained in the seros are able to destroy muscle cells and cause renal failure.
Despite the abundance of useful properties, treat the earrings with caution. They have elements that thin the blood and prevent its coagulation. Putiks are strictly contraindicated in bacterial vaginosis and dropsy.
Serushki belong to the family of russula, a genus of milk. For bitterness, mushrooms are assigned to the conditionally edible group of the third food category. Putik is quite tasty in salt form, but it must first be thoroughly soaked so that bitterness is gone. Soaking lasts several days. Bitter juice saves earwaxes from worms and insects, so the mushroom can be salted without fear of worminess. Demand for paths appears, as a rule, in years, poor for other mushrooms.
Cooking features
Putiky are bitter - this is the main thing to remember when sending them to recycling. The mushroom does not have any special taste, but is ideal for the mushroom assortment.
Before letting the earrings in salting or pickling, they are soaked for three days - so that bitterness disappears. After soaking, the mushrooms do not lose their saturated color. But it is not recommended to expose them to long-term heat treatment - earrings lose their taste. When marinating mushrooms, boil no more than 20 minutes.
What is good about the way is pure pulp - the worms do not favor it. Usually, starting with the leg, they quickly give up, and the hats remain intact intact - this is very convenient and beneficial for processing.
Is it possible to grow earrings?
To grow serushki, you need a mycelium, a substrate and appropriate conditions. All this requires investment, so mushroom cultivation is usually practiced as a business.
Earrings, in comparison with champignons, porcini mushrooms, edible tinder mushrooms or annular cap (cockerels), are not in great demand. Moreover, many mushroom pickers are even unfamiliar with this fungus. But the bitter taste of a putik, which impedes preparation, predetermined its fate - it is unprofitable for industrial cultivation. Artificial production of travels is not developed.
When cooked properly, earrings can be a valuable nutritious meal. This is not the most popular mushroom in the ranking of mushroom pickers, but, having an original taste, invariably finds its fans. The mushroom does not need special cultivation, as it is rarely used in nutrition and other areas.
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