Exibishen variety onions are often called gigantic for their impressive fruit size. The culture is quite whimsical, but with all the proper conditions, it pleases with a rich harvest. You can plant Exibishen onions in different ways.
Bow Exhibit
One Exibishen bulb can weigh 1 kg
Onion Exibischen has a sweet taste without bitterness
Variety characteristics, its advantages and disadvantages
Exibishen brought out in Holland. The characteristics of the variety are as follows:
- large bulbs - one copy can weigh 0.5 kg, sometimes the weight reaches 1 kg;
- oval bulb shape;
- the husk is thin, yellowish in color;
- tender and juicy, but dense pulp;
- sweet taste, no bitterness.
This variety is considered salad. Due to its taste, the main method of use is raw. Use onions also for cooking first and second courses.
The benefits of Exibishen are as follows:
- cultivation in different ways: seeds, seedlings, onion sets;
- the possibility of winter sowing;
- universality - they are grown both on greens, and for obtaining fruits;
- good yield indicators - from 1 sq. km. m can collect up to 3 kg of onions;
- ease of harvesting;
- excellent taste characteristics;
- processing without tears, which is caused by a lower content of essential oils;
- there is no characteristic odor after eating raw.
The disadvantages of the variety are minimum. These include the whims of the culture to the conditions of cultivation and short storage.
Landing Methods
Exibishen can be planted in various ways. This advantage allows you to choose the best option for a particular region and according to your own preferences. Each case has its own characteristics.
Seeds
When choosing this method of planting, the bulbs do not reach their maximum size. Usually they weigh an average of 250-300 g.
Exibishen seeds are planted in April. Specific dates depend on the climatic features of the region. In Siberia and the middle lane it is better to wait until mid-May, since the possibility of frost is high.
There is another option for planting Exibishen onion seeds - winter sowing. This option attracts with quick shoots in the spring and early harvest. With winter sowing, the seeds are well hardened, so the immunity of the culture increases markedly. Planting is carried out immediately before frost or at the very beginning.
When choosing a method for planting this variety by seeds, you need to proceed according to the following algorithm:
- Germination test. This stage is recommended to be carried out in advance, preferably a month before sowing. It is necessary to select several seeds, wrap with a cloth and soak in warm water. Then for 5 days leave them in the tissue and constantly moisturize. It remains to evaluate the germination.
- Disinfection. For this, a solution of potassium permanganate is used. Seeds in it should be kept for a quarter of an hour.
- Preparation for landing. Although this step is optional, it greatly facilitates further work. If you perform this preparation, then thinning the beds in the future will not be needed.
It is necessary to prepare strips of toilet paper, cutting it lengthwise into 3 parts. Seeds on these strips are attached with a liquid paste based on potato starch - 2 tsp. pour a glass of water into the product and cook over low heat until thickened, remembering to stir.
To use AVA complex fertilizer effectively, it should be added to the cooled mass. It is convenient to apply the adhesive pointwise with a syringe, making intervals of 5 cm. To add seeds to each adhesive point using tweezers. Wait for the paste to dry, roll up each strip and put it in a plastic bag. - Wood ash application. You need 50 g of fertilizer per square meter.
- Loosening and leveling the soil. The procedure allows you to saturate the soil with oxygen.
- Fungicide treatment for the prevention of fungal diseases. Usually resort to Fitosporin. It is necessary to dissolve 1 tbsp. the drug in a 10 liter bucket of water.
- Groove preparation. It is necessary to dig a maximum of 2 cm.
- Landing. Gently place a paper strip into each prepared groove. Seeds should be on top. Sprinkle the grooves carefully with earth.
- Watering. Exercise it immediately after sprinkling grooves, do not spare water.
- Shelter. You can use a film or other suitable material. This protects the culture in case of frost.
The main soil preparation should be carried out in the fall. It is necessary to dig a selected area, get rid of weeds, roots, insect larvae. If the soil is light, then in the spring its loosening will be sufficient.
Excibishen can be grown both in open ground and in a greenhouse or greenhouse. The second method is attractive by retaining heat and a sufficient level of humidity, which ensures a good crop.
With winter onion sowing, the Exibishen algorithm of operations is as follows:
- Choose a suitable site. The place should be sunny and elevated.
- Prepare the beds. They should be tall. Be sure to make humus and sand, get rid of weed vegetation.
- Make grooves or holes. 2 cm deep. Leave 20 cm between rows.
- Sow the seeds. Sowing should be dense, since not all seeds will sprout.
- Sprinkle with land and water. Use a watering can with small holes, the water should be warm.
- Mulch. Use peat, straw and sawdust. Layer thickness - 2 cm. Mulch provides plantings with moisture retention, protection against weeds and frost.
- Mulch again. This stage is recommended for cold regions, which are characterized by spring frosts. The beds again mulch when the snow melts.
Seedlings
For the Exibishen variety, this planting method is considered the best, but also the most difficult. Seedlings allow you to get the crop earlier, the bulbs reach maximum size and weight.
Planting seeds for seedlings should be in March. It is necessary to act according to the following algorithm:
- Soaking and drying seeds. Seeds need to be wrapped in a thin strip of cloth and soaked in warm water. Then dry the material in a shaded place for 3-4 days.
- Plant material disinfection. For this, it is better to use a weak solution of potassium permanganate - it is enough to dissolve 1 g of the drug in 1 liter of water. The optimum water temperature for disinfection is 40 degrees.
- Soil preparation. You can buy ready-made soil suitable for this crop, or you can make the mixture yourself using turfy soil, humus and rotted mullein in a ratio of 9: 9: 1.
- Sowing seeds. You can use special boxes or plastic containers for this. You do not need to do any deepening, the seeds are sown on the surface, and only then they are sprinkled with earth. A layer of 1 cm is enough.
- Watering. Use a spray bottle, water abundantly.
- Waiting for seedlings. The planting container should be placed in a shaded place and kept there for 1-1.5 weeks, covering the crops with film.
After the emergence of seedlings, the film shelter must be removed, and the seedlings should be placed in a place illuminated by the sun. The ideal option is the south side.
For successful growing seedlings, certain conditions must be met:
- temperature regime - 20-22 degrees, after the appearance of young leaves, it is recommended to reduce the daily temperature to 17-20 degrees, the night - to 10-15 degrees;
- regular ventilation of the room with seedlings, it is optimal to do this every 3 days;
- daily watering, it is recommended to add mineral fertilizers to the water.
The process of growing seedlings takes 2 months. 2 weeks before its landing in open ground, it is necessary to begin hardening. For this, the seedlings are taken out to fresh air, at home they are limited to a balcony or an open window. Increase the hardening time gradually, starting from a quarter of an hour.
Seedlings need to be planted in early May. The site should be well lit, the soil must meet the requirements of this variety. Manure is allowed to be introduced only in the fall, its use in the spring provokes friability of bulbs.
Planting seedlings is carried out according to the following algorithm:
- Loosen the soil and level the surface.
- If necessary, get rid of weeds.
- Water the soil and seedlings.
- Make holes.
- Trim the roots of seedlings by a third of the length.
- Deepen the seedlings into the soil by 2.5-3 cm. Between them, observe a distance of 20 cm, between the rows - 10 cm more.
- Gently sprinkle the planted seedlings with earth.
- After 20 days, make the first feeding.
Planting should only healthy and strong seedlings. Patients and weak specimens should be discarded immediately.
Onion sevkom
This method of planting onions Exhibit less common. Sevocs of this variety are not found on sale, although it can be found in some private owners, therefore they are usually grown from seeds on their own.
Planting seed can be carried out in spring or winter. In any case, it is necessary to carry out disinfection and antifungal prophylaxis of planting material. You can disinfect it with a solution of potassium permanganate, and fungicides will help prevent the appearance of a fungus.
Planting seed is attractive for its simplicity and getting a good harvest. To get the seeds, you need to plant the seeds densely. General landing rules.
Soil requirements
For the Exibishen variety, sandy and sandy loamy soil is more suitable. A prerequisite is its friability, lightness and nutrition.
Effectively introduce humus into the soil - 2 buckets of fertilizer per square meter. Additionally, mineral fertilizers and finely crushed charcoal should be used. If possible, add river sand.
Outdoor Care
When grown in open ground, the crop requires comprehensive care. It consists in watering, weeding and loosening, mulching, top dressing, the prevention of possible diseases and their timely treatment.
Watering
The frequency of watering should be oriented to the condition of the soil. It is necessary to wait for its drying, but the earth should not completely dry out. Watering should be moderate; warm water should be used.
Be sure to take into account weather conditions. In a hot and dry period, you should switch to daily watering. It should be carried out in the evening.
Watering must be stopped a month before harvesting. It usually ends in late July. If watering is not stopped, then the bulbs will be watery, which significantly reduces the period of their possible storage.
Top dressing
The first feeding is carried out 2 weeks after planting. You can use mullein infusion or complex fertilizer with potassium, nitrogen and phosphorus.
Fertilizers are applied three times per season. Between dressings should be maintained for at least 3 weeks.
One month before the harvest, fertilizer should be discontinued.
Weeding and cultivation
Cultivation is an indispensable step in caring for the crop. Produce it after each watering. This is necessary for aeration of the soil. With daily watering in a drought, you do not need to loosen the soil every day. It is enough to do this 1-2 times a week. When loosening, care must be taken not to damage the root system.
Another prerequisite for proper care of the crop is timely weeding. Ignoring such work leads to the growth of weeds, which negatively affects the development of culture.
Mulching
Mulch is necessary to maintain moisture in the soil, which is regularly loosened. For mulching can be used:
- straw;
- sawdust;
- paper;
- wood rot.
Pest and Disease Control
This stage begins even at the time of seed treatment or sowing before planting. Disinfection and antimicrobials can reduce the risk of many diseases.
When growing the Exibishen variety, you may encounter the following problems:
- Smut. The disease is manifested by dark ash translucent stripes on the feathers. If you get rid of them in time, then culture can be saved. Otherwise, this site will be unsuitable for planting for several years, since disputes persist for a long time.
- Rot. The disease is fungal. The defeat of the bulbs occurs from the inside. This is evidenced by their softness and sliminess. To prevent the disease, you need to adhere to moderation in irrigation and carry out fungicidal treatment. If the disease has already manifested, then the plants cannot be cured - you need to remove all the affected specimens and burn them.
- Onion fly. The culture is not affected by adults, but by larvae emerging from eggs laid in the soil and onion flakes. The appearance of the pest is judged by the yellowing and drying of the seedlings, the softening and decay of the bulbs. Usually onion flies appear in May-June. The treatment is tobacco dust, to which ash and black pepper should be added. You can dust the culture with a dry product or prepare an infusion for spraying. They also resort to insecticides.
- Stem nematode. Bulbs are the food for this small worm. When it appears, the feathers are discolored and curled. Immediate removal of diseased specimens with subsequent burning is necessary. Prevention is the treatment of soil with lime flour and careful selection of planting material.
Landings should be inspected regularly. Such control allows timely detection of a disease or pest and take appropriate measures. Otherwise, there is a risk of losing the entire crop.
Harvesting and storage
Signs that it is time to harvest Exibishen onion are similar to other varieties of this crop. This is lodged and dried greenery. Usually the crop is harvested in the second half of August, but the timing may vary depending on the time and method of planting the crop, as well as the climatic characteristics of a particular region.
Harvesting onions Exibishen attracts with its simplicity. Bulbs lie on the surface, so their removal does not cause difficulties. It is convenient to use the forks, but you need to act carefully so as not to damage the fruits.
Harvesting should be carried out in dry weather, it is better to choose a sunny day. Do not work immediately after the rains, the onion should dry.
You don’t need to cut the feather. After harvesting, drying is necessary. If possible, this should be done in the attic, since such rooms are darkened and well ventilated. First you need to dry the crop in the sun.
After thinning and drying the necks, it is necessary to remove the excess husk and put the onions in storage. It is good to use nets or wooden boxes for this. The room should be dry and cool, the optimum temperature is 5 degrees.
Exibishen is stored for a short time - not more than 4 months. With prolonged storage, onions begin to deteriorate, its taste is lost.
Subject to the recommendations described in the article on planting and further care for onions of the Exibishen variety, each gardener will be able to achieve a good harvest of this vegetable.